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PARTICIPATING
PROFESSIONALS
J. Gordon Arbuckle, Esq.
Daniel R. Addison, Esq.
Betty A. Barton
Stephen G. Martin, Ph.D.
Burton C. Kross, Ph.D.
Jeff Andrilenas
Scott Lockert
Tom Mongan, Ph.D.
Desmond H. Bond, Esq.
R. Eugene Carawan, Ph.D.
Matthew B. Arbuckle
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BURTON
C. KROSS, Ph.D.
Dr. Kross has been
a consultant and advisor to industry, government agencies,
and NGOs for about 32 years, providing environmental
management and public health expertise related to many
topics:
-
Environmental impact assessment, monitoring, and
routing for corridor projects - including oil/gas
pipelines, coal slurry lines, electric power transmission
lines, highways, and railroads
-
Independent
oversight and audit functions for national and state
consent decrees
-
Air
quality monitoring, modeling, and control system
design
-
Permitting
of industrial sites to meet regulatory requirements
for air, water, hazardous waste, and solid waste
emissions
-
Occupational
safety and health programs for industrial and agricultural
workers
-
Expert
witness testimony related to human exposures and
environmental emissions
-
Training,
education, and community outreach on topics of employee/community
right-to-know, hazardous chemical exposure reduction,
and social responsibility
-
In
depth knowledge of nitrate toxicity, indoor radon,
and pesticide exposure assessment
-
Monitoring
of pesticides and their metabolites in workers and
the environment
During
his career, Dr. Kross developed a blend of business,
academic, and independent oversight experiences. He
was an associate professor on the medical and engineering
faculties at the University of Iowa from 1987 to 1998.
As director of the University's Center for International
Rural and Environmental Health, he established training
and research programs in Latin America and six countries
in Central Europe. He maintains an academic affiliation
as an adjunct associate professor at the University
of Iowa and Colorado State University.
Prior to joining the academic community, he spent 15
years in the environmental and engineering consulting
industry. He was group vice president of ERT, Inc. with
responsibilities for international operations, computer
services, air quality monitoring, new business ventures,
and instrument development. Dr. Kross formulated strategy,
lead in-country development efforts, and established
professional service businesses in the following countries:
Mexico, Venezuela, Panama, Saudi Arabia, Abu Dhabi,
Greece, Egypt, Indonesia, Peoples Republic of China,
Australia, Nigeria, and Sudan. During his business career,
he has negotiated over 200 contracts with industry,
government agencies, and foreign entities.
Other
relevant international and management experience includes
serving on the Board of Directors or Executive Committees
for the following organizations:
-
Board
of Directors, ERT de Panama, A Panamanian joint
venture
-
Board
of Directors, TECMA, SA, a Mexican joint venture
with ICA
-
Board
of Directors, Platte River Power Authority, appointed
position by City of Fort Collins
-
Board
of Directors, Ecology Consultants Inc.
-
Board
of Directors, Western Scientific Services, Inc.
-
Chairman,
Board of Directors, Farm Safety for "JUST KIDS"
-
Iowa
Waste Reduction Center, University of Northern Iowa
-
Pesticide
Advisory Council to Iowa Secretary of Agriculture
-
Governor's
Task Force on Radon Measurement and Remediation
– State of Iowa
-
Board
of Directors, Midwest Universities Consortium for
International Activities
-
Appointed
by World Bank to advisory board for School of Public
Health, Debrecen, Hungary
-
Faculty
Senate, School of Environmental Sciences, Nova Gorica,
Slovenia
While
serving in these management and policy-making capacities,
Dr. Kross has acquired diversified technical and international
experience. For example, he helped to develop a corporate
environmental policy statement and implementation plan
for Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc., a major agribusiness.
Some representative examples of project experience follow:
-
Oversight and compliance audits for a National Consent
Decree covering Nucor's steel mini-mills
-
Independent
on-site monitoring contractor for Colorado Dept.
of Public Health and Environment at Rocky Mountain
Steel Mill, Pueblo, CO
-
Oil
field, pipelines, and industrial complexes in Saudi
Arabia and Mexico
-
Siting
and environmental assessment for corridor projects
- including oil/gas pipelines, electric transmission
lines, coal slurry pipelines, railroads, and highways
-
Environmental
studies for fossil-fuel thermal electric generating
stations
-
Environmental
assessments for nuclear power plants and waste repository
siting
-
Occupational
safety and health programs for agriculture, mining,
construction, and recreation industries
-
Ground
and surface water monitoring programs for statewide
regions, the food industry, and rural watersheds
-
Air
pollution monitoring and modeling for power plants,
oil pipelines, steel mills, machinery factories,
and solid waste incinerators
-
Environmental
policy development for corporations and agencies
-
Expert
witness testimony related to exposure assessment,
nitrate toxicity, and groundwater
As
a member of the graduate faculty at the University of
Iowa and the School of Environmental Sciences in Nova
Gorica, Slovenia, Dr. Kross was responsible for teaching
the following academic courses and community outreach
programs:
-
Air Pollution Control Technology
-
Environmental
Health
-
Principles
of Environmental Engineering
-
Theories
of Environmental Policy and Assessment
-
Global
Environmental Health Policy Development
-
Environmental Epidemiology (taught in Slovenia)
-
Fundamentals
of Environmental Sciences (taught in Slovenia)
-
Environmental
Policy Development and Management (taught in Slovenia)
-
Agricultural
Chemicals: Acute and Chronic Exposures — community
outreach for health professionals
-
Farm
Chemical Safety Guides — community outreach for
farm family members
-
Radon
Public Awareness — community outreach for children
and adults
Dr.
Kross is a registered professional engineer in Colorado
and has been qualified as an expert witness in both
state and federal court. Dr. Kross has provided testimony
to the US Congress, numerous State agencies, and international
commissions. He is a member of Tau Beta Pi, the national
engineering honor society, and Chi Epsilon, the civil
engineering honor society. In 1992 he received the Iowa
Environmental Health Association outstanding service
award. Dr. Kross is the author or co-author of more
than 100 journal publications, book chapters, reviews,
technical reports, and commercial documents.
He
received his doctoral degree in Civil and Environmental
Engineering and a master's degree in Preventive Medicine
and Environmental Health from the University of Iowa
in 1987. He earned another master's degree in Chemical
Engineering from the University of Colorado in 1972.
His undergraduate degree was with high distinction in
Chemical Engineering from the University of Iowa in
1969.
Representative
Project Experience
During
his industrial and academic career, Dr. Kross has been
responsible for many international and domestic environmental
policy projects, environmental impact assessments, Superfund
health assessments, research grants, and training/education
activities. Representative projects include:
-
Consultant
to EMSNet, Limited, LLC, Boulder, CO. Oversight
director for an independent team of consultants
to review environmental compliance of Nucor Corporation
and its contractors, under a National Consent Decree
with the US EPA and Department of Justice. The Consent
Decree covers RCRA corrective action, air emissions
controls, environmental management systems, and
water. (2000 to present)
-
Consultant
to EMSNet, Limited, LLC, Boulder, CO. Compliance
monitoring and onsite oversight for Colorado Department
of Public Health and Environment's Consent Decree
with Rocky Mountain Steel Mill, Pueblo, CO (2002-present)
-
Consultant
to Counsel, Patton Boggs, LLP, Denver, CO. Member
of an environmental management team providing advice
to the Dole Food Company's international operations
- including water monitoring,occupational health
and safety, training and community outreach, and
exposure assessment issues - (1998-present)
-
Program
Manager for 3-year environmental impact assessment
and monitoring for Chicotopec Oil Field Development,
including production and pipeline facilities in
Mexico (1978-81)
-
Program
Manager for routing and environmental impact assessment
of oil shale pipeline project, Rio Blanco Oil Share
Project, CO (1974-76)
-
Program
Manager for siting and environmental impact assessment
for coal gasification project, including production
facility, pipelines, and mining, Public Service
Company of New Mexico (1974-76)
-
Center
Director for a 5-year environmental and occupational
health training and research program focusing on
six countries in Central Europe (Slovakia, Romania,
Poland, Czech Republic, Hungary, and Slovenia),
supported by the Fogarty International Center of
NIH, Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Stanley Foundation,
and the University of Iowa - (1996 -98)
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Principal
Investigator. Assessment Methods for Pesticide Exposure
study to develop questionnaires, dermal exposure
assessment methods, and fluorescent tracer/video
imaging methods for the quantitative measurement
of pesticide exposures among farm workers in Iowa,
supported by the National Cancer Institute - (1991-1994)
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Principal
Investigator. Mortality Study of Golf Course Superintendents
for the Golf Course Superintendents Association
of America, with follow-up studies supported by
TORO, Inc. to determine occupational pesticide exposures
to workers using spray equipment in the lawn care
industry - (1994-1996)
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CO-principal
Investigator. Iowa Statewide Rural Well-Water Survey.
Comprehensive evaluation of groundwater and drinking
water resources in Iowa. Included measurement of
organic and inorganic contaminants at 686 sites,
Iowa Department of Natural Resources - (1987-1992)
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Program
Director. Support to Iowa Department of Public Health
to conduct health assessments at Superfund sites
in Iowa for the Agency for Toxic Substances and
Disease Registry - (1989-91)
-
Principal
Investigator. Temporal variation of atrazine contamination
of well water in Iowa. Design monitoring program
and direct analytical laboratory activities for
monthly, weekly, and daily assessment of private,
rural water supply quality study in Iowa. Continue
monitoring at 10% of sites for selected parameters,
including tritium dating and radon. Iowa Department
of Natural Resources and US EPA -(1988-93)
-
Principal
Investigator. Provide technical support for a hazard
communications program, including identification
of key hazards in construction, review of training
materials, and assistance with training at the Iowa
Laborers' Training Center, Laborers' National Health
and Safety Fund for OSHA -(1990-92)
-
Director
of Technology Transfer. Part of Hazardous Substances
Research Center headquartered at Kansas State University.
Projects and technologies focus on remediation approaches
to reduce groundwater contamination at waste sites.
US EPA - (1990-1998)
-
Officer
in charge. A $1.0 million contract with the Saudi
Arabian Meteorology and Environmental Protection
Agency (MEPA) to write enabling language for a Royal
Decree which established the environmental policy
framework for the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The project
also involved writing regulations for monitoring,
permitting, and enforcing air pollution control.
In addition, job descriptions and training programs
were developed to staff the new agency - (1978-82)
-
Project
Manager. A $2.5 million contract with the Kingdom
of Saudi Arabia to train air pollution monitoring
and control professionals and technicians to staff
their new environmental agency (MEPA)-(1979-81)
-
Consultant
to Stanley Consultants, Inc. An air pollution control
strategy for the Republic of Slovenia, part of the
Slovene Environmental Project supported by the World
Bank and the Asian Development Bank-(1992-94)
-
Program
Director. International short-courses held in Mexico,
Saudi Arabia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Costa Rica, and
the US regarding environmental management, air pollution
control, surface mine reclamation, solid/hazardous
waste disposal, environmental health, environmental
epidemiology, research ethics, and establishing
a professional services business - (1983-98)
-
Core
Director. Training/education core for a 10-year,
$9.0 million NIOSH Center for Agricultural Disease
and Injury Research, Education, and Prevention -
(1992-98)
-
Associate
Director. A 11-year, $13-million Environmental Health
Science Research Center supported by National Institute
for Environmental Health Sciences of NIH - (1991-98)
-
Consultant
to Lake Delhi Recreation Association, Inc, Manchester,
Iowa. Conducted environmental impact assessment
and prepared testimony to oppose the siting of a
pork slaughtering facility near this community.
The citizen's action committee prevailed when the
proposed project was terminated by its sponsors
(1987)
-
Consultant
to Monroe County, Iowa. Reviewed plans for a sanitary
landfill and coal mining project to assess environmental
impacts. The county rejected the permit application,
and was then sued by the Star Coal Company. Subsequent
work included expert witness testimony in state
court. My client prevailed upon appeal to the Iowa
Supreme Court - (1992-93)
-
Expert
witness for Woodward, Hall, & Primm, Houston,
Texas. Prepared testimony about human exposure assessment
of neighbors at the Brio Superfund site, owned by
Monsanto Company et al. (1994)
-
Expert
witness for Dwight James PC, Des Moines, Iowa. Prepared
testimony and deposition for plaintiff in the Sharon
Reutzel vs. Spartan Chemical Company case regarding
a product liability issue. Case settled before trial
in favor of Ms. Reutzel (1993-96)
-
Consultant
to Jacobs Energy Corporation, Moline, Illinois.
Prepared air, water, solid waste, and siting permit
applications for two CO-generator facilities utilizing
railroad ties and wood waste for fuel (1993-98)
-
Consultant
to US Department of Commerce, Economic Development
Administration. Prepared feasibility study report
and generic environmental impact assessment for
a plasma torch medical waste
treatment facility (1993-94).
Representative
Publications
Dr.
Kross is the author or co-author of more than 100 journal
publications, book chapters, technical reports, and
commercial documents. A representative listing of publications
is provided.
Peer-reviewed
Journals:
Kross BC, Selim MI, Hallberg GR, Bruner DR, Cherryholmes
K. Pesticide contamination of private well-water: a
growing rural health concern. Environment International
1992; 18:231-41.
Kross
BC, Ayebo AD, Fuortes L. Methemoglobinemia: nitrate
toxicity in rural America. Am Fam Physician 1992; 46:183-8.
Kross
BC, Vergara A, Raue LE. Toxicity assessment of atrazine,
alachlor, and carbofuran and their respective environmental
metabolites using Microtox. J Toxicol Environ Health
1992; 37:149-59.
Kross BC, Hallberg GR, Bruner DR, Cherryholmes K, Johnson
JK. Nitrate contamination of private well-water in Iowa.
Am J Public Health 1993; 83:270-2.
Fuortes
LJ, Ayebo AD, Kross BC. Toxicity of cholinesterase-inhibiting
pesticides. Am Fam Physician 1993; 47:1613-20
Field
RW, Kross BC, Vust LJ. Radon testing behavior in a sample
of individuals with high radon screening measurements.
Risk Anal 1993; 13:421-7.
Kross
BC, Field RW, Weih LMB, Vust LJ. Factors associated
with elevated radon levels in Iowa. Health Phys 1993;
65:178-84.
Neuberger
JS, Lynch CF, Kross BC, Field RW, Woolson R. Residential
radon exposure and lung cancer: evidence of an urban
factor in Iowa. Health Phys 1994; 66:263-9.
Field RW, Fisher EL, Valentine RL, Kross BC. Radium-bearing
pipe scale deposits: implications for national waterborne
radon sampling methods. Am J Public Health 1995; 85:567-70.
Blair
A, Kross BC, Stewart PA, Ogilvie L, Falk R, Popendorf
W, Ward MH, Zahm SH. Comparability of information on
pesticide use obtained from farmers and their proxy
respondents. J Agric Safety Health 1995; 1(3):165-76.
Dusdieker
LB, Stumbo PJ, Kross BC, Dungy CI. Does increased nitrate
ingestion elevate nitrate in human milk? Arch Ped Adoles
Med 1996; 150(3):311-5.
Kross
BC, Burmeister LF, Ogilvie LK, Fuortes L. Proportionate
mortality study of golf course superintendents. Am J
Ind Med 1996; 29:501-6.
Trnovec
T, Kross BC, Ginter E. Perspectives on rural environmental
health status in Central Europe. Intl J Environ Occup
Health 1996; 2:125-34.
Field
RW, Kross BC. Intercomparison of waterborne radon-222
collection methods: professional vs. homeowner collection.
Ground Water Monitor Report, Fall 1996, pp. 106-12.
Kross
BC, Nicholson HF, Ogilvie LK. Methods development study
for measuring pesticide exposure to golf course workers
using video-imaging techniques. Appl Occup Environ Hyg
1996; 11(11):1346-50.
Field
RW, Steck DJ, Lynch CF, Brus CP, Neuberger JS, Kross
BC. Residential radon-222 exposure and lung cancer:
exposure assessment methodology. J Expo Anal Environ
Epidemiol 1996; 6(2):181-95.
Ayebo
A, Kross BC, Vlad M, Sinca A. Infant methemoglobinemia
in Transylvania Region of Romania. Intl J Occup Environ
Health 1997, 3(1):20-29.
Field RW and Kross BC. Iowa survey of waterborne 222Rn
concentrations in private wells. Health Phys. 1998,
74 (2):249-252.
Stewart
P, Fears T, Nicholson H, Kross BC, Ogilvie L, Zahm SH,
Ward MH, Blair A. Exposure received from application
of animal insecticides, American Ind Hygiene Assoc J
1999, 60:208-212.
Weyer
PJ, Cerhan JR, Kross BC, Hallberg GR, Kantamneni J,
Breuer G, Jones MP, Zheng W, and Lynch CF. Municipal
drinking water nitrate level and cancer risk in older
women: the Iowa Women's Health Study, Epidemiology 2001,
11:327-338.
Book Chapters:
Kross BC, Cherryholmes K. Toxicity screening of sanitary
landfill leachates: a comparative evaluation with Microtox
analyses, chemical, and other toxicity screening methods.
In: Richardson ML, editor. Ecotoxicology Monitoring.
Weinheim FRG and New York: VCH Publishers, 1993: 225-49.
Kross
BC, Olson ML, Ayebo AD, Johnson JK. Humans. In: Rechcigl
JE, editor. Soil Amendments Impact on Biotic Systems.
Boca Raton, FL: Lewis Publishers, 1995: 153-214.
Fourtes
L and Kross BC. Contributors to chapter, Nitrate
and Nitrite Toxicity, Pediatrics Handbook on Environmental
Health, American Academy of Pediatrics, 1999.
Technical Reports:
Merchant JA, Kross BC, Donham kJ, Pratt DS, editors.
Agriculture at risk, a report to the nation. National
Coalition for Agricultural Safety and Health, The University
of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 1989.
Kross BC, et al. Iowa statewide rural well-water survey
data report: an initial analysis. Iowa Department of
Natural Resources; 1991. Technical Information Series
No. 19, p. 142.
Kross
BC, Wallace D, Liegors W, Hrcek D. Identification and
assessment of air pollution sources in the Republic
of Slovenia. Proceedings of International Symposium
on Environmental Contamination in Central and Eastern
Europe; 1992 Oct 12-16; Budapest, Hungary.
Kross
BC, Ogilvie LK, Popendorf W, Nicholson HF. Assessment
methods for pesticide exposure. Chapters I, II, and
III. The University of Iowa for Environmental Epidemiology
Branch, Division of Cancer Etiology, National Cancer
Institute, 1992-94.
Commercial
Documents:
Applicant's Environmental Report, Hayden Station Unit
2, Colorado-Ute Electric Association, Inc., 1972.
Ecological Analysis of Sites for a Reservoir to be associated
with Craig Coal-fired Generating Station, Colorado,
Stearns-Roger, Inc., 1972.
Ecological
Description of the Proposed Surface Mine Area, Williams
Fork Mountains, and Review of Post Mining Rehabilitation,
Peabody Coal Company, 1972.
Investigation of Effects of Little Dell Lake on Water
Quality in Emigration Creek, Parleys Creek, and Mountain
Dell Reservoir, Utah, US Army Corps of Engineers, 1973.
Examination of Alternate Routes for a Railroad Spur
to Craig Station, Stearns-Roger, 1973.
Right-of-way
Application for Two 345-KV Transmission Lines in Caribou
National Forest, Idaho. Pacific Power and Light Company,
1973.
Applicant's
Environmental Report, Effingham County Airport Expansion,
Effingham Airport Commission, 1974.
Environmental
Analysis Report, Maybe Canyon Phosphate Mine, Agricultural
Products Corporation, 1974.
Revegetation Study Navajo Mine and Gasification Project,
Public Service Company of New Mexico, 1975.
Detailed Development Plan--Impact Assessment of Tract
Ca Oil Shale Development Project, Rio Blanco Oil Shale
Project, 1975.
Environmental Monitoring Plan for Jubail Industrial
City, Royal Commission for Jubail and Yanbu, Saudi Arabia,
1983.
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